Definition
The plantar fascia is a broad sheath of tendinous tissue which wraps around and supports the arch of the foot. It extends from the calcaneus, or heel bone, forward to attach just under your toes. The purpose of the plantar fascia is to support the arch and intrinsic muscles of the foot, and to improve shock absorption during loading. The plantar fascia can become inflamed and painful. This inflammation in known as plantar fasciitis. This can occur for several reasons, but some common causes include unsupportive footwear such as thongs, sudden increase in physical activity – especially running, and prolonged standing.
In some case a heel or calcaneal spur can arise. A spur is a bony growth on the calcaneum, which occur due to excessive and prolonged pressure at the attachment of the plantar fascia. It is important to note that not all episodes of plantar fasciitis will be associated with a spur developing, and that not all heel spurs will be painful.
